OIL BATH AIR CLEANER
In the oil bath air cleaner, shown in Figure 3–7, air
is drawn through the inlet and down through the
center tube. At the bottom of the tube, the direction
of air flow is reversed and oil is picked up from the
oil reservoir cup. The oil-laden air is carried up into
the separator screen, where the oil, which contains
the dirt particles, is separated from the air by collecting
on the separator screen.
A low-pressure area is created toward the center
of the air cleaner as the air passes a cylindrical opening
formed by the outer perimeter of the central tube
and the inner diameter of the separator screen. This
low pressure is caused by the difference in air current
velocity across the opening.
The low-pressure area, plus the effect of gravity
and the inverted cone shape of the separator screen,
causes the oil and dirt mixture to drain to the center of the cleaner cup. This oil is again picked up by
the incoming air, causing a looping cycle of the
oil; however, as the oil is carried toward another
cycle, some of the oil overflows the edge of the
cup, carrying the dirt with it. The dirt is deposited in
the outer area surrounding the cup. Oil then flows
back into the cup through a small hole located in the
side of the cup. Above the separator screen, the
cleaner is filled with a wire screen element, which
removes any oil that passes through the separator
screen. This oil also drains to the center and back
into the pan. The clean air then leaves the cleaner
through a tube at the side/top and enters the intake
system.