Amperage is a measure of current flow. Voltage is a measure of potential difference between the positive and negative terminals.
Think of electricity like water in a garden hose. If the water is turned on but the hose is blocked off at the other end, you will have a certain amount of pressure in the line, but no water flow. In this scenario the faucet is the positive connection and the atmosphere is the negative terminal. So, the potential difference between the pressure in the hose verses the pressure of the atmosphere would relate to your Voltage. But since the hose is not flowing any water, there is no flow rate or Amperage. Relate this to a cable being connected to your battery at one end, but not connected at the other end. You can measure the voltage between the end of the cable and the other terminal to see the potential Voltage, but without it being connected to a circuit there is no current flow, so no Amperage.
Now, let's connect things up to do work. I'll connect the hose to a sprinkler and the battery cable to a lamp. Now you'll have water flow and current flow. Water flow can be measured with a flow meter, which is connected in series to the work load so that the water flows through it. Amperage is measured with an Ammeter in series so that the current flows through it. The water pressure would be checked with a pressure gauge Teed into the line. Voltage is measured with a volt meter Teed into the circuit, (touching the wire or terminal with the probes). With this scenario I can measure the flow of water going through the sprinkler, just as I can measure the current flow through the lamp. And I can connect a pressure gauge to the connection going into the sprinkler and measure the water pressure at that point. Now measure the water pressure after is comes out of the sprinkler and has done it's work (the water on the grass). This is the pressure drop. This is the same in an electrical system. Measure the voltage before and after the lamp and you'll have your voltage drop.
With a single load in the circuit the voltage drop across the load should equal the total potential of the battery. However, if there are multiple loads connected in series the total voltage drop in the complete circuit will equal the battery voltage. In other words, each load with consume some, but not all, of the voltage in the circuit. But the amperage will be constant throughout the entire circuit. The amperage will go up or down depending on the amount of total load (resistance), but it will be the same at any point in the circuit.
That's my electricity 101. It either cleared some things up, or totally confused you.